تاثیر ویژگی های ریزرخساره ای و دیاژنزی در کنترل کیفیت مخزنی سازند آسماری در میدان گازی گورزین، حوضه زاگرس، جنوب ایران
محورهای موضوعی : زمین شناسی مخازن نفت
کریم ممبنی
1
(زمین شناسی، ، دانشگاه زنجان )
نصراله عباسی
2
( دانشگاه زنجان )
احمد یحیایی
3
(شرکت نفت فلات قاره)
کلید واژه: سازند آسماری ریزرخساره رمپ کربناته دیاژنز کیفیت مخزن میدان گازی گورزین,
چکیده مقاله :
سازند آسماری در میدان گازی گورزین با مرز ناپیوستگی فرسایشی بر روی نهشته های پلاژیک و مارن سازند پابده قرار دارد و با یک مرز تدریجی توسط نهشته های تبخیری سازند گچساران به عنوان سنگ پوش مخزن آسماری پوشیده می شود. مجموع ضخامت بررسی شده در یکی از چاه های این میدان، 183 متر است. سنگ شناسی آسماری در این برش شامل تناوبی از سنگ آهک، آهک دولومیتی و رسی و شیل، به همراه مارن سبز است. با مطالعات سنگ شناسی و آنالیز رخساره ای توالی این سازندها، 12ریزرخساره شناسایی شدند که یک رمپ کربناته از مناطق ژرف دریایی تا محیط سبخایی است و در یک سکانس پسرونده ایجاد گردیده است. این رمپ شامل محیط های عمیق، دریای باز، ریف کومه ای، سد زیستی- غیر زیستی، لاگون و محیط جزر و مدی است که با توجه به تغییرات سریع رخساره ها و نهشته شدن رسوبات تبخیری گچساران، موید یک محیط در حال بسته شدن می باشد. تاریخچه دیاژنزی که کربنات های آسماری در برش مورد مطالعه طی کرده اند شامل: الف) دیاژنز فریاتیک دریایی: جایی که زیست آشفتگی، میکریتی شدن و سیمانی شدن رخ داده است. ب) دیاژنز آبهای جوی: جایی که باز بلوری شدن، سیمانی شدن و انحلال به ثبت رسیده است. ج) دیاژنز دفنی: جایی که انحلال حاصل از فشار-تراکم و شکستگی رایج هستند رخ داه است. ریزرخساره ها دارای تنوع گسترده ای از خصوصیات مخزنی می باشند به همین دلیل یک مخزن ناهمگن را شکل داده اند. در این بین ریز شکستگی ها عمدتاً یک تاثیر بسیار قوی بر کیفیت مخزن در این رخساره ها اعمال می کنند. حضور همزمان فضاهای انحلال یافته و شکستگی در مخزن مقدار زیادی تراوایی را افزایش داده است. بهترین کیفیت مخزنی در ریزرخساره گرینستون/ پکستون دارای دانه های پوششی با تخلخل از نوع قالبی می باشد که به واسطه انحلال لیتولوژی پکستون اووئیددار در جریان دیاژنز آب های جوی ایجاد شده است.
Asmari Formation from the Gavarzin gas field have erosional unconformity boundary on marl and pelagic limestones of Pabdeh Formation and gradually change to evaporate cap rock of Gachsaran Formation. Cores studies from the one of wells of Gavarzin field is 183 m in thickness, which includes 1.30 m from the top of Pabdeh, 162.4 m from the Asmari Formation and 19.30 m from the base layers of Gachsaran. Asmari Formation includes alternation of limestone, calcite dolomitic, claystone and shale with green marl. Petrology and facies analysis of the sequence of these formations identified 12 microfacies, a carbonate ramp from deep-sea to sabkha environments and formed in a retrograded sequence. This ramp includes deep environments, open sea, patch reef, bio-, clastic-bars, lagoon and tidal environments, which confirms a changing environment due to rapid facies changes and deposition of evaporative sediments in Gachsaran as a restricted environment. Diagenesis processes are considered as the main factors in carbonate reservoir quality of Gavarzin field. The diagenesis history of the Asmari carbonates of the studied cores is summarized as A) marine phreatic diagenesis, bioturbation, micritization and cementation processes occurred. B) vadose zone diagenesis, where the crystallization, cementation, and dissolution occurred. C) burial diagenesis, comprises compression-induced, pressure dissolution and fracturing are common. The microfacies show a wide varieties of reservoir characteristics and therefore a heterogeneous reservoir has been formed. Micro-fractures, however have strongly influence on the reservoir quality in the section. The simultaneous presence of dissolved spaces and fractures in the reservoir the permeability greatly increased. The best reservoir quality in the Grainstone/Packston facies are coated grains with moldic porosity that were created by the leaching of Ooid-bearing Packston lithology during the diagenesis of atmospheric waters.
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