آمونیت های سازند کژدمی در کوه سیوند، برش شول، شمال شیراز در حوضه زاگرس، کاربرد دیرینه بوم شناسی
محورهای موضوعی : چینه شناسیناصر رئیس السادات 1 * , مهناز پروانه نژاد شیرازی 2
1 - دانشگاه بیرجند
2 - دانشگاه پیام نور
کلید واژه: آمونیت, آلبین, سازند کژدمی, دیرینه بوم شناسی, حوضه زاگرس,
چکیده مقاله :
سازند کژدمی در حوضه زاگرس گسترش داشته و دارای دو رخساره کم عمق و عمیق می باشد. برش مورد مطالعه در
شمال شیراز در کوه سیوند در نزدیکی روستا شول قرار داد. برش مورد مطالعه با ضخامت 210 متر شامل سنگ آهک،
سنگ آهک مارنی و سنگ آهک های لایه نازک می باشد. چهار گونه Knemiceras persicum Collignon, 1981, Knemiceras aff. persicum Collignon, 1981, Knemiceras aff. iraniense Collignon, 1981, Knemiceras dubertreti Basse, 1940, مورد شناسایی قرار گرفتند و توصیف شدند.
بررسی آمونیت های سازند کژدمی نشان می دهد، گروههای شکلی متفاوت در این سازند پراکنده هستند.. به طوریکه در
غرب حوضه و فروافتادگی دزفول آمونیت های اسفروکونیک با تزئینات کم پراکندگی بیشتر دارد که نشانه دهنده عمق
بیشتر اس ت، در حالیکه در نواحی استان فارس و بوشهر آمونیت های با تزئینات بیشتر که نشانه دهنده عمق کمتر حوضه
است، گسترش دارند.در برش شول نیز مجموعه آمونیتی نیز عمق کم را پیشنهاد می کند که این امر با حضور فرامینیفرهای
بنتیک پشتیبانی می شود.
Kazhdami Formation is spread in Zagros basin and has two facies, shallow and deep. The studied section was located in the north of Shiraz near the village of Shul. The lithology of the measured section with 210 meters thickness including limestone, marly limestone and thin layer limestone. Four species Knemiceras persicum Collignon, 1981, Knemiceras aff. persicum Collignon, 1981, Knemiceras aff. iraniense Collignon, 1981, Knemiceras dubertreti Basse, 1940, were identified and described.
Different ammonite morphogroups are distributed in the Kazhdumi Formation. Spheroconic ammonites with smooth or low ornamentation, mostly ribs, usually live at sea level and away from the coast spread in the west of basin and Dezful depression. Plano-spiral ammonites with coarse ornaments were poor swimmers and indicate a shallow depth basin.
In the Shul section the ammonite assemblage with coarse ornamentation suggest a shallow environment that is supported with presence of benthic foraminifera assemblage.
منابع
اسدی، ا.، مجیدی فرد، م. ح.، وزیری، س. ح.، یوسفی راد، م. 1394. آمونیت های آلبین سازند کژدمی در برش نار، خاور بوشهر (پهنه زاگرس). فصلنامه علوم زمین، دوره 25، شماره 98، ص. 212-199.
پروانه نژاد شیرازي، م.، قهرمانی، ش. و خردمند، ع. 1388. بیواستراتیگرافی سازند کژدمی در کوه نقش رستم فصلنامه زمین شناسی کاربردی زاهدان ، شماره 1، ص. 19-12.
حمدانی، ح.، رئیس السادات، س. ن.، امیری بختیار، ح. 1394. چینه نگاری زیستی سازند کژدمی بر مبنای آمونیت ها در شمال غرب بهبهان، حوضه زاگرس. نوزدهمین همایش انجمن زمین شناسی ایران و نهمین همایش ملی زمین شناسی دانشگاه پیام نور، 26-27 آذر ماه، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران.
مطیعی، ه. ،1372. زمین شناسی ایران، چینه شناسی زاگرس، طرح تـدوین کتاب زمین شناسی، سازمان زمین شناسی و اکتشافات معدنی، 536 ص.
ناظری تهرودی، ن.، قطبی راوندی م.، حسینی راویز، س. م. ر. و غفاری، م.، 1392. مطالعه خطوط درز آمونیت های سازند کژدمی در منطقه شمال خاوری شیراز )برش تاربور پایین). سی و دومین گردهمایی و نخستین کنگره بی نالمللی تخصصی علوم زمین، زمین شناسی بنیادی- مشهد، 7 ص.
یاوری آ. ، قویدل سیوکی م. ، مجیدی فرد م. ر. و وزیری س. ح. 1397. توصیف و زیست چینه نگاری آمونیتهای سازند کژدمی، برش چینه شناسی تنگ ماغر شمال باختر بهبهان)حوضه زاگرس(. فصلنامه علوم زمین، 27، 107، ص. 232-221.
یوسفی، ت. و کارگر، ش. 1377. نقشه زمین شناسی سیوند، مقیاس 100000/1، سازمان زمین شناسی و اکتشافات معدنی کشور.
ALAVI, M., 2004, Regional stratigraphi of Zagros fold-and-thrust belt of Iran and its proforeland evolution. American Journal of Science, 304, 1-20.
ARTHUR, M.A., JENKYNS, H.C., BRUMSACK, H.J., SCHLANGER, S.O., 1990, Stratigraphy, geochemistry and paleoceanography of organic carbon-rich Cretaceous sequences. In: Ginsburg, R.N., Beaudoin, B. (Eds), Cretaceous Resources, Events, and Rhythms. Kluwer, Dordrecht, 75-119.
ALY, M.F. and Abdel-Gawad G.I. 2001, Early Cretaceous ammonites of Gebel Lagama, North Sinai, Egypt. Palaeontographica, A262, 25-52.
ALY M.F., SMADI A. and ABU-AZZAM A. 2008, LateCenomanian-Early Turonian ammonites of
Jordan. Revue de Paléobiologie, Genève, 27, 43-71.
ASADI, A., MAJIDI FARD, M.R., VAZIRII, S. H. and YOUSEFI RAD H. M., 2016, Albian ammonites of the Kazhdumi Formation in the Nar section, east of Bushehr (Zagros zone). Scientific quarterly Journal of Geoscience, 25,199-212.
BASSE, É., 1937-1940, Les Céphalopodes crétacés des massifs côtiers syriens. Part 1-2. Notes et Mémoires sur le Moyen-Orient, Paris, 2, 165-200; 3, 411-473.
BATT, R. J., 1989, Ammonite Shell Morphotype Distributions in the Western Interior Greenhorn Sea and SomePaleoecological ImplicationsAuthor(s). PALAIOS, 4, 32-42.
BATT, R. J., 1991, Sutural amplitude of ammonite shells as paleoenvironment a1 indicator, Sutural amplitude of ammonite shells as a paleoenvironmental indicator. Lethaia, 24, 219-225.
BATT, R. J., 1993, Ammonite morphotypes as indicators of oxygenation in a Cretaceous epicontinental sea. Lethaia, 26, 49-63.
BAUDIN, F., 2005, A late Hauterivian short-lived anoxic event in the Mediterranean Tethys: the “Faraoni event”. Comptes Rendus Geosciences, 337, 1532-1540.
BÖHM, J. 1898, Ueber Ammonites Pedernalis v. Buch.-Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft, Hannover, Band 50, 183-201.
BORDENAVE, M.L., and BURWOOD, R., 1995, The Albian Kazhdumi Formation of the Dezful Embayment, Iran, one of the most efficient petroleum generating systems. In: Katz, B. (Ed.) Petroleum Source Rocks Series, CaseBook in Earth Sciences. Springer, Berlin, 183–207.
BORDENAVE, M.L., and HEGRE, J.A., 2005, The influence of tectonics on the entrapment of oil in the Dezful embayment, Zagros fold belt, Iran. Journal of Petroleum Geology, 28, 339–368.
BORDENAVE, M., HEGRE, J. 2010, Current Distribution of Oil and Gas Fields in the Zagros Fold Belt of Iran and Contiguous Offshore as the Result of the Petroleum Systems. Geological Society, London, Special Publications 291-353.
BUCH, L. von 1850, ber Ceratiten. Physikalische Mathematische Abhandlungen der Koeniglichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, v. 1 (1848), p. 1–33.
BUJTOR, L., 2010, Systematics, phylogeny and homeomorphy of the Engonoceratidae Hyatt, 1900 (Ammonoidea, Cretaceous) and revision of Engonoceras duboisi LATIL, 1989. Carnets de Géologie / Notebooks on Geology 2010/08 (CG2010_A08), 31p.
BULOT, L.G., 2010, Systematic palaeontology of Aptian and Albian ammonites from southwest Iran, Geo Arabia, Special Publication 4 , 167-194.
CASEY, R., 1961, The Cretaceous (Albian) ammonite genus Platiknemiceras Bataller.- The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, London, (Thirteenth Series), 4, 353-357.
Chamberlain, J. A., Jr., and Westermann, G. E. G., 1976, Hydrodynamic properties of cephalopod shell ornament, Paleobiology, 2, 316–331.
COLLIGNON, M., 1981, Albian-Cenomanian Fauna of the Kazhdumi Marl Formation, Fars-Khuzestan, Iran. Documents des Laboratoires de Géologie, Lyon, Hors Série, 6, 251–291.
FÖLLMI, K.B., GODET, A., BODin, S. and LINDER P., 2006, Interactions between environmental change and shallow water carbonate buildup along the northern Tethyan margin and their impact on Early Cretaceous carbon isotope record. Paleoceanography, 21, 4, 1-16, doi: 10.1029/2006PA001313.
GHAZBAN, F., 2007. Petroleum Geology of the Persian Gulf. Tehran University and National Iranian Oil Company, Tehran.
GEYER, O., 1995, Knemiceras uhligi (Choffat) dans la Chaîne Ibérique méridionale (Albien supérieur, Espagne). Batalleria, 5, 5–17.
HAUG, E., 1900, Céphalopodes.- Revue critique de Paléozoologie, Paris, 4ème année, 1, 19-24 & 78-87.
HYATT, A., 1875, The Jurassic and Cretaceous ammonites collected in South America by Prof. James Orton, with an appendix upon the Cretaceous ammonites of Prof. HART's collection.- Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History, 17, 365-378.
HYATT, A., 1900, In Zittel, K.A., (Editor), Textbook of Palaeontology, Cephalopoda, first English ed., trans. C.R. Eastman, p. 502–592.
HYATT, A., 1903, Pseudoceratites of the Cretaceous. Monograph of the United States Geological Survey, 44, 1-351.
HEYDARI, E., 2008, Tectonics versus eustatic control on supersequences of the Zagros Mountains of Iran. Tectonophysics, 451, 56–70.
Hewitt, R. A. 1993. Relation of shell strength to evolution. In: The Ammonoidea: Environment, Ecology and Evolutionary Changes (ed. House, M. R.), Systematics Association, Special Volume 47, 35-56, Clarendon Press, Oxford.
JAMES, G. A. and WYND, J. G., 1965, Stratigraphic nomenclature of the Iranian oil consortium agreement area. AAPG, 49, 2182-2245.
KAMYABI SHADAN, H., 2014, Biostratigraphy and lithostratigraphy of the Kazhdumi Formation in the Izeh zone. PhD thesis (Unpublished), Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran. 743p. [in Persian with English Abstract].
KAWABE, F., 2003, Relationship between mid-Cretaceous (upper Albian–Cenomanian) ammonoid facies and lithofacies in the Yezo forearc basin, Hokkaido, Japan. Cretaceous Research, 24, 6, 751-763.
KENNEDY, W.J., HANCOCK, J.M., COBBAN, W.A. and LANDMAN, N.H., 2004, A revision of the ammonite types described in F. ROEMER's Die Kreidebildungen von Texas und ihre organishen Einschlüsse. Acta Geologia Polonica, Warszawa, 54, 433-445.
KENNEDY, W.J., REYMENT, R.A., MAC LEOD, N. and KRIEGER, J., 2009, Species discrimination in the Lower Cretaceous (Albian) ammonite genus (Knemiceras von Buch 1848), Palaeontographica, Beiträgezurnaturgeschichte der vorzeit, Abteilung A: Paläozoologie- Stratigraphie , 290, 1-3: 1-63.
KENNEDY, W.J. and SIMMONS, M. D. 1991, Mid-Cretaceous ammonites and associated microfossils from the Central Oman Mountains. Newsletter on Stratigraphy, 25, 127-154.
KRAUSE, P.G.L.W., 1902, Die Fauna der Kreide von Temojoh in West-Borneo. Sammlungen des Geologisches Reichs-Museums in Leiden, (series I), 7, 1-28.
LATIL, J.-L., 2005, Preliminary data on the Lower Albian ammonite succession in the North West of Tunisia and adjacent areas of Algeria: the Hameina section. In A. Arnaud-Vanneau and I. Zghal, (Editors), Aptian-Turonian events in central Tunisia. Géologie Alpine, Série special “colloque et excursions”, 5, 60-63.
LATIL J.-L., 2008, A revision of Amaltheus Ebrayi de LORIOL, 1882, type species of the genus Parengonoceras SPATH, 1924.- Revuede Paléobiologie, Genève, 27, 249-267.
LATIL, J.-L., 2011 - Early Albian ammonites from Central Tunisia and adjacent areas of Algeria. Revue de Paléobiologie, Genève, 30 (1), 321-429.
LATIL, J.-L. and ALY, M.F. 2012, Knemiceras gracile Douvillé, 1916: a misunderstood Early Albian ammonite from north Sinai (Egypt), and considerations on the genus Platiknemiceras Bataller, 1954. Revue de Paléobiologie, Genève, 31 (1), 159-170
LATIL, J.-L. and JAILLARD, E., 2023,Taxonomy, phylogeny and biostratigraphy of the upper Aptian– lower Albian ammonites of the Chott area, southern Central Tunisia. Cretaceous Research, 154, 10.1016/j.cretres.2023.105731.
LECKIE, R.M., BRALOWER, T.J., and CASHAM, R., 2002, Oceanic anoxic events and plankton evolution: biotic response to tectonic forcing the mid-Cretaceous. Paleoceanography 17, 1-29.
LECKIE, R.M., BRALOWER, T.J. and CASHMAN, R., 2002, Oceanic anoxic events and plankton evolution: Biotic response to tectonic forcing during the mid-Cretaceous. Paleoceanography, 17, 3, 13-29.
MAHMOUD, G.I., 1955, Études paléontologiques sur la faune crétacique du massif du Moghara (Sinaï, Égypte).- Publications de l'Institut du Désert d'Égypte, Héliopolis, Le Caire, 8, 192 p.
MEISTER, C., and ABDALLAH, H., 2005, Précision surles successions d'ammonites du Cénomanien- Turonien dans la région de Gafsa, Tunisie du Centre-Sud.- Revue de Paléobiologie, Genève, 24, 111-199.
MORENO-BEDMAR, J.A., BULOT, L., LATIL, J-L., MARTINEZ, R., FERRER, O., BOVER-ARNAL, T. and SALAS, R. 2008, Precisiones sobre la edad de la b ase de la Fm. Escucha, mediante ammonoideos, en la subcuenca de la Salzedella, Cuenca del Maestrat (E Cordillera Ibérica). Precisions on the age of the basal Escucha Fm. in the Salzedella subbasin, Maestrat basin (E Iberian Chain) by means of ammonoids. Geo-Temas, 10, 1269-1272.
RAISOSSADAT, S. N., LATIL, J. L., HAMDANI, H., JAILLARD, E., AMIRIBAKHTIAR, H., 2021, Ammonite biostratigraphy of the Lower Aptian- Upper Albian deposits Kazhdumi Formation in Zagros Basin. Cretaceous Research, 127, 104920, 17 p.
RAUP, D., 1966, Geometric Analysis of shell coilling, general problems, Jurnal of paleontology , 40, 5, 1117-1190.
REZAIE KAVANRUDI, Z., RABBANI, A. R., and MASHHADI, Z., 2015, Source Rock Evaluation of the Cretaceous Kazhdumi Formation in the Persian Gulf, Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 37, 2293-2301, DOI:10.1080/15567036.2012.697094.
ROBERT, E., 2002, La transgression albienne dans le Bassin Andin (Pérou): Biostratigraphie, Paléontologie (ammonites) et Stratigraphie séquentielle. Strata, 38: 380 p.
ROBERT, E., and. Bulot, L.G., 2004, Origin, phylogeny, faunal composition, and stratigraphical significance of the Albian Engonoceratidae (pulchelliaceae, ammonitina) of Peru. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 17, 11-23.
SCOTT, G. 1940: Paleoecological factors controlling the distribution and mode of life of Crctaceous ammonoids in the Texas area. Journal of Paleontology, 14. 299-323.
SEDGHI, B., BAHRAMI, A., YAZDI, M., and VEGA, F.J., 2023, Invertebrate fauna of the Albian– lower Cenomanian deposits in the Fars and Isfahan provinces (Firuzabad and Fasakhod sections), Zagros Basin, Central Iran: Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana, 3, A220623. http://dx.doi.org/10.18268/ BSGM2023v75n3a220623, 16 p.
SHARIFI, J., VAHIDINIA, M., Ando, A., and Mahmudy-Gharaie, M.H., 2021, New biostratigraphic observations of planktonic foraminifera and ammonites on the Aptian–Albian intrashelf succession, Zagros Basin, SW Iran. Cretaceous Research, 128, 104996, 1–27.
SFIDARI, E., ZAMANZADEH S. M., DASHTI A., OPERA A., and TAVAKKOL M. H., 2016, Comprehensive source rock evaluation of the Kazhdumi Formation, in the Iranian Zagros Fold belt and adjacent offshore. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 71, 26-40.
SLINGER, F. and CRICHTON, J.C., 1959, The geology and development of Gachsaran field, southwest Iran: Proc. Fifth world petroleum cong. sec. 1, paper 18, 349–375.
SZIVES, O., CSONTOS, L., BUJTOR, L. and FOZY, I., 2007, Aptian-Campanian ammonites of Hungary.- Geologica Hungarica, (Series palaeontologica), 57, 1-187, Budapest.
VINCENT, B., VAN BUCHEM, F. S.P., BULOT, L. G., IMMENHAUSER, A., CARON, M., BAGHBANI, D. and HUC, A. Y., 2010, Carbon-isotope stratigraphy, biostratigraphy and organic matter distribution in the Aptian – Lower Albian successions of southwest Iran (Dariyan and Kazhdumi formations). Geo Arabia Special Publication 4, 139-197.
WESTERMANN, G. E. G., 1990, New development in ecology of Jurassic-Cretaceous ammonoids. In: Fossili Evolutione, Ambiente, Atti II Convention International Pergola 1987 (eds Pallini, G., Cecca, F., Cresta, S. & Santantonio M.), 459-478, Tecnostampa, Ostra Vetere, Italy.
WESTERMANN, G. E. G., 1996. Ammonoid Life and Habitat. In: Ammonoid palaeobiogeography, (eds Neil, H. L., Kazushige, T. & Richard, A. D.), Topics in Geobiology, 13, 607-707. Plenum Press, New York.
WRIGHT, C. W., CALLOMON, J. H., and HOWARTH, M. K., 1996, Treatise on Invertebrate Palaeontology (ed. Kaesler, R.) Part L, Mollusca 4, (Revised) Cretaceous Ammonoidea. 362 pp., The Geological Society of America and the University of Kansas, Boulder, Colorado, and Lawrence, Kansas.
YACOBUCCI, M.M., 2004, Neogastroplites meets Metengonoceras: morphological response of an endemic hoplitid ammonite to a new invader in the mid-Cretaceous Mowry Sea of North America. Cretaceous Research, London, 25, 927-944.
YACOBUCCI, M.M., 2008, controls on shell shape in Acanthoceratid Ammonites from the Cenomanian-Turonian western Interior seaway, Springer Scinence, p. 195-226.
ZIEGLER, M.A., 2001, Late Permian to Holocene Paleofacies Evolution of the Arabian Plate and Its Hydrocarbon Occurrences. GeoArabia, 6, 445-504.