محیط رسوبی، فرآیندهای دیاژنتیکی و چینهنگاری سکانسی سازند فهلیان در میدان جفیر، دشت آبادان، جنوب غرب ايران
محورهای موضوعی : زمین شناسی نفت
سید عقیل حسینی
1
*
,
داود جهانی
2
,
نادر کهنسال قدیم وند
3
1 - گروه زمین شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 - گروه زمین شناسی- واحد تهران شمال- دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی
3 - گروه زمین شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: محیط رسوبی, فرآیندهای دیاژنتیکی, چینهنگاری سکانسی, سازند فهلیان, دشت آبادان, میدان جفیر,
چکیده مقاله :
سازند فهليان با سن کرتاسه پایینی (بریازین- بارمین) يكي از مخازن مهم هيدروكربوري در جنوب باختری ايران است. در اين پژوهش، سازند فهليان در یکی از چاههای ميدان نفتی جفیر در ناحيه دشت آبادان به منظور بازسازی محیط رسوبی، نوسانات سطح آب دریا و تاریخچه دیاژنزی مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. به این منظور، 250 مقطع نازک میکروسکوپی با توجه به خصوصیات پتروگرافی مطالعه شدهاند. علاوه بر آن، روند تغییرات لاگهای پتروفیزیکی گاما، نوترون و چگالی نیز برای تکمیل نتایج میکروسکوپی مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. در چاه مورد مطالعه 12 ریزرخساره رسوبی از محیطهای دریای باز، سد، تالاب و جزر و مد شناسایی شدند. توزیع ریزرخسارهها نشان میدهد که آنها در بخشهای بیرونی، میانی و داخلی یک رمپ کربناته همشیب رسوبگذاری کردهاند. فرآیندهای دیاژنزی در محیطهای مختلف جوی، دریایی و تدفینی، رسوبات سازند فهلیان را تحت تاثیر قرار دادهاند. فرآیندهای فشردگی فیزیکی و سیمانی شدن بیشترین نقش را در کاهش تخلخل و فرآیندهای دولومیتی شدن، استیلولیتی شدن و شکستگی بیشترین نقش را در افزایش تخلخل داشتهاند. بررسی نوسانات سطح آب دریا در زمان رسوبگذاری سازند فهلیان در چهارچوب چینهنگاری سکانسی، منجر به شناسایی دو سکانس رسوبی رده سوم در این چاه شده است که بخش عمده آنها از دسته رخساره تراز بالا تشکیل شده است. در بررسیهای کیفیت مخزنی مشخص شده است که رخسارههای سدی و جزر و مدی در دسته رخسارههای تراز بالا دارای بیشترین میزان تخلخل هست.
The Fahliyan Formation, of Lower Cretaceous age (Berriasian-Barremian), is one of the important hydrocarbon reservoirs in southwestern Iran. This study focuses on the Fahliyan Formation in a well located in the Jufair oil field in the Abadan plain, aiming to reconstruct the depositional environment, sea level fluctuations, and diagenetic history. To achieve this, 250 thin sections were analyzed for petrographic characteristics. In addition, changes in petrophysical gamma, neutron, and density logs were examined to complement the microscopic results. In the studied well, 12 sedimentary facies from open marine, shoal, lagoon, and tidal sub-environments were identified. The distribution of facies shows that they have deposited in the outer, middle, and inner parts of a homoclinal carbonate ramp. Diagenetic processes in different meteoric, marine, and burial environments have affected the sediments of the Fahliyan Formation. Physical compaction and cementation processes have played the most role in reducing porosity, while dolomitization, stylolitization, and fracturing processes have increased porosity. Analysis of sea level fluctuations during the deposition of the Fahliyan Formation within the framework of sequence stratigraphy revealed two third-order sedimentary sequences in the well, mostly composed of highstand system tract. Reservoir quality assessments indicated that the shoal and tidal flat facies within the highstand system tracts exhibit the highest porosity.
Abdollahi-Fard, I., Alavi, A., Mokhtari, M., 2006. Structural framework of the Abadan plain (SW Iran) and the North Persian Gulf based on geophysical data. Journal of Science (University of Tehran),| Volume: 32, Issue: 107-120.
Adabi, M. H., Salehi, M. A. and Ghabeishavi, A., 2010- Depositional environment, sequence stratigraphy and geochemistry of Lower Cretaceous carbonates (Fahliyan Formation), south-west Iran. Atari, M.,sian Earth Science 39: 148-160.
Aghanabati, A., 2005. Geology of Iran, Geological Survey and Mineral Exploration of Iran (GSI) Iran 1-357 [In Persian].
Ahr, W. M., 2008. Geology of Carbonate Reservoirs: The Identify Cation, Description, and Characterization of Hydrocarbon Reservoirs in Carbonate Rocks, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Alavi, M., 2004. Regional stratigraphy of the Zagros fold-thrust belt of Iran and its proforland evolution., American Journal of Science, Vol. 304, January,2004, p.1-20.,207-205P.
Al-Husseini, M. I., 2007. Iran’s crude oil reserves and production. GeoArabia 12 (2): 69–94. DOI: 10.2113/geoarabia120269.
Assadi, A., Honarmand, J., Moallemi, S. A., Abdollahie-Fard, I., 2016. Depositional Environments and Sequence Stratigraphy of the Sarvak Formation in an Oil Field in the Abadan Plain, SW Iran: Facies, 62(4), 1-22.
Asaadi, A., Rahimpour-Bonab, H., Aleali, M., 2022. Geologically based integrated approach for zonation of a Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous carbonate reservoir; a case from Persian Gulf. J Petrol Explor Prod Technol 12, 1265–1283 DOI: 10.1007/s13202-021-01372-2.
Booler, J. and Tucker M. E., 2002- Distribution and geometry of facies and early diagenesis: the key to accommodation space variation and sequence stratigraphy: Upper Cretaceous Congost carbonate platform, Spanish Pyrenees. Sediment Geo 146: 225-247.
Chehrazi, A., Rezaee, R., Rahimpour Bonab, H., 2011. Pore-facies as a tool for incorporation of small-scale dynamic information in integrated reservoir studies. Journal of Geophysics and Engineering, Volume 8, Issue 2: 202–224, DOI:10.1088/1742-2132/8/2/008.
Chehrazi, A., Rahimpour Bonab, H., Rezaee, R., 2011. Seismic data conditioning and neural network-based attribute selection for enhanced fault detection. Petroleum Geoscience, V. 19: 169-183, Doi: 10.1144/petgeo2011-001
Choquette P W, Pray L C (1970) Geologic Nomenclature and Classification of Porosity in Sedimentary Carbonates, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, Vol. 54, pp. 207-250.
Christian, L., 1997- Cretaceous subsurface geology of the Middle East region. Geo Arabia 2: 239-256.
Davies, R. B., Bishop C. D., Hollis C. E., Gaur R. S. and Haider A. A., 1997 - Architecture of the Minagish oolite reservoir in the Umm Gudair Field, Kuwait, Jurassic/Cretaceous carbonate platform-basinsystems: Middle East models conference abstract. Geo Arabia 2: 476-496.
Davies, R. B., David, M. C., Horbury A. D., Sharland P. R., and Simmon, M. D., 2002- Early to mid-Cretaceous mixed carbonate-clastic shelfal systems: examples, issues and models from the Arabian Plate. Gulf Petro Link, Bahrain, Geo Arabia, 7 (3): 541 pp.
Dunham, R. J., 1962. Classification of carbonate rocks according to depositional texture: A.A.P.G Memoir 1, pp. 108-121.
Elrick, M., and Read, J. F., 1991 - Cyclic ramp-to basin carbonate deposits, Lower Mississippian, Wyoming and Montana: a combined field and computer modelling study. Sediment Petrol, 61: 1194–1224.
Esrafili- Dizaji, B., Hajikazemi, E., Dalvand, M., Hassanzadeh Nemati, M., Swennen, R., 2020. Diagenesis and reservoir characteristics of the Lithocodium-Bacinella facies in a Lower Cretaceous reservoir, eastern Persian Gulf Basin. Facies, Volume 66: 24 (2020). DOI: 10.1007/s 10347-020-00608-7.
Flugel, E., 2010- Microfacies of Carbonate Rocks: Analysis, Interpretation and Application. Second Edition, Springer- Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg 976 pp.
Hosseini, S. A., Conrad, M. A., Clavel, B., Carras, N., 2016. Berriasian- Aptian shallow water carbonates in the Zagros fold-thrust belt, SW Iran: Integrated Sr-isotope dating and biostratigraphy. Cretaceous Research, Volume 57: 257-288. DOI:10.1016/j.cretres.2015.09.007.
Hosseini, S. A., Conrad, M. A., Kindler, P., 2021. Sequence stratigraphy, depositional setting and evolution of the Fahliyan carbonate platform (Zagros fold-thrust belt, SW Iran) in the Early Cretaceous. Marine and Petroleum Geology: Volume 128, June 2021, 105062. DOI: /10.1016/j. marpetgeo.2021.105062
Jamalian, M., Adabi, M. H., Moussavi, M., Sadeghi, A., Baghbani, D. and Ariyafar, B., 2011- Facies characteristic and paleoenvironmental reconstruction of the Fahliyan Formation, Lower Cretaceous, in the Kuh-e Siah area, Zagros Basin, southern Iran. Springer, Facies 57: 101-122.
Jamalian, M., Adabi, M. H., 2015. Geochemistry, microfacies and diagenetic evidences for original aragonite mineralogy and open diagenetic system of Lower Cretaceous carbonates Fahliyan Formation (Kuh-e Siah area, Zagros Basin, South Iran). Carbonates and Evaporites, Volume 30: 77–98.
James, G. A and Wynd, J.G., 1965. Stratigraphic nomenclature of Iranian Oil Consortium agreement Area A.A.P.G. Bull., v.49, No 12, p. 2182-2245.
Larsen, G., Chilingar, G.V., 1983. Diagenesis of sediments and sedimentary rocks, 2, Elsevier, Amsterdam (1983), p. 579.
Mazzullo, S. J., 2000. Organogenic dolomitization in peritidal to deep‐sea sediments. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 70, 10–23.
Motiei, H., 1993. Stratigraphy of Zagros. Geological Survey of Iran Publication, Tehran, 536 p. [In Persian].
Motiei, H., 1995. Petroleum Geology of Zagros. Geological Survey of Iran Publication, 589 p. [In Persian].
Motiei, H., 2003. Stratigraphy of Zagros. Geological Survey and Mineral Exploration of Iran, Book, No. 84, 636 p. [In Persian].
Murris, R. J., 1980. Middle East: Stratigraphic evolution and oil habitat. AAPG Bull.64, No. 5, p. 597-618.
Noori, H., Mehrabi, H., Rahimpour-Bonab, H., Faghih, A., 2016. Tectono-sedimentary controls on Lower Cretaceous carbonate platforms of the central Zagros, Iran: An example of rift-basin carbonate systems. Marine and Petroleum Geology, Volume 110: 91-111.
Raiswell, R., Berner, R. A., 1985. Pyrite formation in euxinic and semi-euxinic sediments. Am. J. Sci., 285:710–724.
Ramezani Akbari, A., Rahimpour-Bonab, H., Kamali, M. R., Mousavi- Harami, R., Kadkhodaie, A., 2016. Study of Microfacies, Sedimentary Environment and Sequence Stratiography of Fahliyan Formation in Abadan Plane Oilfield. Journal of Petroleum Research, Vol. 26, 95-3: 68-81 [In Persian].
Rezaei, M. R., 2005. The Book of Petroleum Geology. Tehran University Press, Tehran, 472 p.
Sadooni, F., 1993. Stratigraphic Sequence, Microfacies, and Petroleum Prospects of the Yamama Formation, Lower Cretaceous, Southern Iraq. AAPG Bulletin 77(11):1971-1988. DOI:10.1306/ BDFF8F92-1718-11D7-8645000102C1865D
Sharland, P. R., Archer, R., Casey, D. M., Davies, R. B., Hall, S. H., Heyward, A. P., Horbury, A. D. and Simmons, M. D., 2001- Arabian plate sequence stratigraphy. Geo Arabia, Special Publication 2: 371 pp.
Tucker, M. E. and Wright, V. P., 1990- Carbonate Sedimentology. Blackwell Science, Oxford 425 pp.
Van Buchem, F. S. P., Al-Husseini, M. I., Maurer, F., Droste, H. J., Lyndon, A. Y., 2010. Sequence-stratigraphic synthesis of the Barremian – Aptian of the eastern Arabian Plate and implications for the petroleum habitat. Geoarabia Special Publication, Gulf PetroLink, Volume 4, vol. 1.
Wilson, J., 1975. Carbonate Fascies in Geologic History. Springer-Verlag, 471p.
Ziegler, M. A., 2001- Late Permian to Holocene paleofacies evolution of the Arabian Plate and its hydrocarbon occurrences. Geo Arabia, 6:445–504.