چينه نگاري زيستي و بوم شناسي ديرينه سازند قم در ناحیه قمصر (جنوب غرب کاشان)
محورهای موضوعی : چینه شناسی
طیب بینازاده
1
(علوم)
امراله صفری
2
(دانشگاه اصفهان )
حسین وزیری مقدم
3
(دانشگاهاصفهان )
کلید واژه: زیست چینه نگاری, بوم شناسی دیرینه, سازند قم, ایران مرکزی,
چکیده مقاله :
به منظور مطالعات چينه نگاري زيستي و بوم شناسي ديرينه، سازند قم در برش قمصر کاشان مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته است. برش مورد مطالعه با 313 متر ضخامت شامل سنگ آهک های متوسط تا ضخیم لایه و توده‌ای و شیل بوده كه با ناپيوستگي فرسایشی برروي سنگ‌های آتشفشانی ائوسن قرارگرفته و به وسیله آبرفت های عهد حاضر پوشیده شده است. بر اساس مطالعات انجام شده در مجموع 21 جنس و 9 گونه از روزن‌داران کف‌زی شناسایی گردید. با توجه به مجموعه روزن‌داران کف‌زی سن سازند قم در این برش روپلین- شاتین تعیین شده است. با توجه به شرایط دیرینه بوم شناسی مطرح شده، در بخش های پایین این برش (روپلین)، شرایط نوری یوفوتیک و شرایط غذایی ابتدا یوتروف و سپس مزو-الیگوتروف با شوری عمدتاً نرمال دریایی می باشد. در طی زمان شاتین، شرایط غذایی عمدتاَ مزو-الیگوتروف با شوری نرمال و شوری 40 -50 psu در نوسان می باشد. شرایط نوری نیز بین آفوتیک و عمدتاً مزو-الیگوفوتیک متغییر می باشد. روزن‌داران کف‌زی بزرگ با دیواره هیالین مانند آمفیستژینا، لپیدوسیکلیناها و نومولیتیده‌ها، در محیط‌های کم عمق با انرژي زیاد، دارای پوستۀ ضخیم‌تر و اندازه صدف کوچک‌تر و در محیط‌های عمیق، به علت کاهش شدت نور و تحرک کم آب، دارای پوسته‌های نازک‌تر و کشیده‌تر می‌باشند. نتایج حاصل از مورفومتری 186 نمونه آمفیستژینا نشان می‌دهد که عمق دیرینه آب دریا در برش قمصر (روپلین-شاتین) از کمتر از 11 متر تا کمتر از 44 متر در نوسان بوده است.
In order to study the biostratigraphy and palaeoecology, the Qom Formation has been studied in the Ghamsar section of Kashan. The studied section, with a thickness of 314 m, consists of medium to thick-bedded to massive limestones and shale. The Qom Formation overlies the Eocene volcanic rocks in the Ghamsar section and is covered by the Recent alluvial sediments. A total of 21 genera and 9 species of benthic foraminifera were identified in this section and the results indicated the age of Rupelian-Chattian. According to the above palaeoecological conditions, in the lower parts of this section (Rupelian), light conditions are euphotic and nutrient conditions are first eutrophic and then Meso-oligotrophic with mainly normal sea salinity. During Chattian, the trophic state was mainly meso-oligotrophic with normal salinity, and salinity varied between 40 and 50 PSU. Light conditions also were between aphotic and mainly meso-oligophotic. Large benthic foraminifera with hyaline walls, such as Amphistegina, Lepidocyclinide and Nummulitide, in shallow environments with high energy, have thicker shells and smaller shell size, and in deep environments, due to reduced light intensity and low water circulation, they have thinner and more elongated shells. The results of the morphometry of 186 samples of Amphistegina show that the seawater depth in Ghamsar section (Rupelian-Chattian) fluctuated from less than 11 meters to less than 44 meters.
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